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Croy Index: Vocabulary - Prosody - Verbs - Nouns - Adjectives - Nominals - Other Topics - Syntax List


25.180 Exercises

The following notes should help you in understanding the Practice Sentences provided by Croy. You might also find it very helpful to look at a Segmented Version of the sentences.

1. εἰ τὰ κηρυχθέντα ὑπὸ τῶν μαθητῶν ἀληθῆ ἐστιν, ἡ κρίσις τοῦ θεοῦ μέλλει πεσεῖν ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν ἡμῶν.

Notice the third declension adjective ἀληθῆ. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of this adjective? The nouns κρίσις and πόλιν belong to the third declension. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of these nouns? The preposition ὑπὸ is used to express the agent, μαθητῶν, of the passive participle, κηρυχθέντα. Notice that the neuter plural subject is able to take a singular verb, ἐστιν (that is a very odd thing about Greek!). The verb μέλλει takes a complementary infinitive, πεσεῖν (aorist infinitive of πίπτω).

2. οὖσαι πληρεῖς πίστεως καὶ δυνάμεως αἱ ἀδελφαὶ ὑμῶν οὐκ ἐφοβοῦντο τὸν βασιλέα.

The participle οὖσαι is from the verb "to be." Notice the third declension adjective πληρεῖς. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of this adjective? The nouns πίστεως, δυνάμεως and βασιλέα belong to the third declension. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of these nouns?

3. ἀναβαινόντων εἰς τὸ ὄρος τῶν ἱερέων, ἄνθρωποι πονηροὶ εἰσῆλθον εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν λαβεῖν τὸ βιβλίον τοῦ νόμου.

The participle ἀναβαινόντων and the noun ἱερέων are in a genitive absolute construction. The nouns ὄρος and ἱερέων belong to the third declension. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of these nouns? The infinitive λαβεῖν is being used to express purpose.

4. ἐκεῖνοι οἱ ἄνδρες ἦσαν ἐκ γένους ἀρχιερέων· προσέφερον οὖν δῶρα ὑπὲρ ἁμαρτιῶν τοῦ ἔθνους.

Note the demonstrative phrase ἐκεῖνοι οἱ ἄνδρες. The nouns ἄνδρες, γένους and ἔθνους belong to the third declension. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of these nouns? The postpositive particle οὖν goes in second positive and is used to connect these two statements.

5. τὸ ἔργον τοῦ γραμματέως ἐστὶν γράψαι τὰ ῥήματα τοῦ θεοῦ εἰς βιβλίον καὶ διδάσκειν αὐτὰ τῷ λαῷ.

The nouns γραμματέως and ῥήματα belong to the third declension. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of these nouns? The infinitives γράψαι and διδάσκειν are s being used as a predicate with a form of the verb "to be," ἐστὶν.

6. ἀσθενὴς ἤμην καὶ ἐν φυλακῇ ἀλλ' οὐκ ἤλθετε ἰδεῖν με οὐδὲ προσηύξασθε ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ.

The verb ἤμην is the imperfect past tense of the verb "to be." Notice the third declension adjective ἀσθενὴς. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of this adjective? The verb ἤλθετε takes a complementary infinitive, ἰδεῖν.

7. ὁ μένων εἰς τὸ τέλος σωθήσεται καὶ γνώσεται τὴν ἀγάπην τοῦ κυρίου.

The noun τέλος belongs to the third declension. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of this noun? Note that σωθήσεται is a future passive but γνώσεται is a future middle (with an active meaning in English).

8. ὁ πέμψας με ἀληθής ἐστιν· ἐλεύσομαι οὖν καὶ ἀπαγγελῶ τὴν ἀλήθειαν αὐτοῦ εἰς τὰ ἔθνη.

The participle πέμψας is being used substantively, as a noun in its own right. Even though ἀληθής comes before the verb ἐστιν, it is the predicate. Notice the third declension adjective ἀληθής. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of this adjective? The postpositive particle οὖν comes in second position, and is used to link these two statements. The verb ἐλεύσομαι is a future middle form (with an active English meaning), and ἀπαγγελῶ is also a future tense form. The noun ἔθνη belongs to the third declension. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of this noun?

9. ἔχωμεν πίστιν εἰς θεὸν ἵνα ὅταν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ὑποστρέψῃ εὑρεθῶμεν πιστοὶ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ κρίσεως.

The nouns πίστιν and κρίσεως belong to the third declension. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of these nouns? The aorist subjunctive verb ὑποστρέψῃ is introduced by ὅταν ("whenever") and the aorist passive subjunctive verb εὑρεθῶμεν is introduced by ἵνα (expressing purpose). The adjective πιστοὶ is a predicate with the verb εὑρεθῶμεν, meaning "found (to be)..."

10. θεωροῦντες σημεῖα τε καὶ δυνάμεις γινομένας διὰ τῶν χειρῶν τοῦ προφήτου, οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ γραμματεῖς ἐθαύμασαν καὶ ἐδόξασαν τὸν βασιλέα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ.

Notice how τε καὶ is used to coordinate the two nouns into a single phrase: σημεῖα τε καὶ δυνάμεις. The participle γινομένας can be understood to modify both of these nouns, but it agrees with the nearest noun in gender, number, and case. The nouns δυνάμεις, χειρῶν, ἀρχιερεῖς, γραμματεῖς and βασιλέα belong to the third declension. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of these nouns?

11. ὢν ἀσθενὴς ἐν σώματι καὶ πνεύματι ἔτι θέλει ὁ τυφλὸς ἐξελθεῖν ἀπὸ τῆς πόλεως θεραπευθῆναι ὑπὸ τοῦ διδασκάλου ἐπὶ τὸ ὄρος.

Notice the third declension adjective ἀσθενὴς. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of this adjective? The subject, τυφλὸς, comes after its verb, θέλει, which takes a complementary infinitive, ἐξελθεῖν. The aorist passive infinitive θεραπευθῆναι is used here to express purpose, with the agent of the passive expressed in the prepositional phrase ὑπὸ τοῦ διδασκάλου. The nouns σώματι, πνεύματι, πόλεως, and ὄρος belong to the third declension. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of these nouns?

12. γένος οὖν ὑπράρχοντες τοῦ θεοῦ οὐκ ὀφείλομεν δοκεῖν τὸν θεὸν εἶναι λίθον.

The noun γένος belongs to the third declension. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of this noun? It is being used as the predicate with the participle ὑπράρχοντες, which is another way of expressing the notion of "being" in Greek. The genitive τοῦ θεοῦ goes back to this word γένος. The verb ὀφείλομεν takes a complementary infinitive, δοκεῖν, which introduces indirect discourse: θεὸν is the accusative subject of εἶναι, with λίθον as the predicate.

13. τὸ μὲν τέλος ἐκείνου τοῦ δικαίου δούλου ἔσται ἀληθὴς δόξα, τὸ δὲ τέλος τούτου τοῦ κακοῦ ἱερέως ἔσται κρίσις πυρός.

This sentence contains two parts, balance by the postpositive particles μὲν and δὲ. Notice the third declension adjective ἀληθὴς. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of this adjective? The adjective-noun phrase ἀληθὴς δόξα is being used as the predicate of the future tense of the verb "to be," ἔσται. The nouns τέλος, ἱερέως, κρίσις, and πυρος belong to the third declension. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of these nouns? Notice the demonstrative noun phrases ἐκείνου τοῦ δικαίου δούλου and τούτου τοῦ κακοῦ ἱερέως. The noun κρίσις serves as the predicate of the future tense of the verb "to be," ἔσται (parallel to the structure in the first part of the sentence).

14. εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεὺς ὅτι ἡ πᾶσα πόλις ἐστὶν πλήρης αἵματος καὶ ὁ ἄγγελος τῆς κρίσεως ἐπ' αὐτὴν ἐλεύσεται.

The subject, βασιλεὺς, follows its verb, εἶπεν. Notice the third declension adjective πλήρης. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of this adjective? It serves as the predicate of the form of the verb "to be," ἐστὶν. The nouns βασιλεὺς, πόλις, αἵματος, and κρίσεως belong to the third declension. Can you identify the case, number, and gender of these nouns? The verb ἐλεύσεται is a future middle form (but with an active meaning in English).


Biblical Greek Online. Laura Gibbs, Ph.D. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. You must give the original author credit. You may not use this work for commercial purposes. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. Page last updated: April 9, 2005 8:06 PM


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