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Grammar: Correlatives
Latin students often have a really hard time with the pronouns, the adjectival pronouns (or pronominal adjectives!), and the corresponding adverbs of quantity, quality and time. Yet things are really a lot simpler than they might seem! These words are "correlatives" in Latin, which means that they are part of a general pattern or series. Instead of trying to memorize these words separately, it can help to familiarize yourself with the general system instead. Here is a chart that shows some of these Latin correlatives. Notice how the Latin follows a clear pattern, while the English phrases are sometimes very different from each other:
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Demonstrative
t-
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Relative
qu- or c-
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Interrogative
qu-
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Indefinite
aliqu-
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Indefinite Relative
doubled (quotquot) or -cumque |
-antus |
tantus: so great |
quantus: as great |
quantus? how great? |
aliquantus: some (amount) |
quantuscumque: however great |
-alis |
talis: such |
qualis: as |
qualis?: of what sort? |
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qualiscumque: of whatever sort |
-um or -ando |
tum: then |
cum: when |
quando? when? |
aliquando: sometime |
quandocumque: whenever |
-ot |
tot: so many |
quot: as many |
quot? how many? |
aliquot: some |
quotquot: however many |
-otiens |
totiens: so often |
quotiens: as often |
quotiens? how often? |
aliquotiens: sometimes |
quotienscumque: however often |
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