14.96 Exercises

The following notes should help you in understanding the Practice Sentences provided by Croy. You might also find it very helpful to look at a Segmented Version of the sentences. In fact, to encourage you to make use of the Segmented Version, the audio for these sentences has been prepared using the segmented text.

1. ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἡμεῖς ἐπίομεν οἶνον καὶ ἐφάγομεν ἄρτον, ἀλλὰ ὑμεῖς ἐφύγετε εἰς τὴν ἔρημον καὶ προσηύξασθε.

The verbs ἐπίομεν, ἐφάγομεν and ἐφύγετε are aorist past tense, active voice (with past tense augment). Normally the nominative pronouns are not used in Greek, since the verb tells you the subject (ἐπίομεν and ἐφάγομεν are first-person plural and and ἐφύγετε and προσηύξασθε are second-person plural), so the word ἡμεῖς is being included here for emphasis, contrasting with the emphatic ὑμεῖς. The verb προσηύξασθε is aorist past tense (with past tense augment), middle voice. Remember that προσηύξασθε is a deponent verb (with an active meaning in English, and only middle forms in Greek). Note the demonstrative phrase, ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ .

2. ὁ προφήτης εἶδεν τὸν κύριον ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτὸν περὶ τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ θεοῦ.

The verbs εἶδεν and εἶπεν are aorist past tense, active voice (with past tense augment). What is the antecedent of the pronoun αὐτὸν?

3. οἱ μαθηταὶ εἶδον τὰ σημεῖα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ἔπεσαν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον αὐτῶν.

The verbs εἶδον and ἔπεσαν are aorist past tense, active voice (with past tense augment). What is the antecedent of the pronoun αὐτῶν?

4. εὗρες τὴν ὁδὸν ἀληθείας ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ καὶ ἐγένου δοὺλος δικαιοσύνης, ἐγὼ δὲ οὐκ ἤθελον ἀκοῦσαι.

The verb εὗρες is aorist past tense, active voice (with past tense augment). The verb ἐγένου is aorist past tense (with past tense augment), middle voice. Remember that ἐγένου is a deponent verb (with an active meaning in English, and only middle forms in Greek). The verb ἤθελον is imperfect past tense (with past tense augment) and takes a complementary infinitive, ἀκοῦσαι (aorist infinitive, active voice - no augment, because infinitives do not have tense and therefore do not take augment). Normally the nominative pronouns are not used in Greek, since the verb tells you the subject (ἤθελον is first-person singular), so the word ἐγὼ is being included here for emphasis, and it gets further emphasis from the placement of the postpositive δὲ.

5. αἱ ἀδελφαὶ προσῆλθον τῷ διδασκάλῳ καὶ προσήνεγκαν τὰ δῶρα αὐτῶν.

The verbs προσῆλθον and προσήνεγκαν are aorist past tense, active voice (with past tense augment). What is the antecedent of the pronoun αὐτῶν?

6. οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ τοῦ κυρίου ὄψονται καὶ τὰ ἔργα σου καὶ τὴν καρδίαν σου.

The verb ὄψονται is a future deponent, and in this sentence it is transitive, taking the objects ἔργα and καρδίαν. Note the καὶ... καὶ... construction ("both... and...").

7. εἴδομεν ὅτι ὁ ἀπόστολος ἐθεράπευεν ἐκεῖνα τὰ τέκνα, καὶ ὑμεῖς δὲ ὄψεσθε τὰ σημεῖα τὰ αὐτά.

The verb εἴδομεν is aorist past tense, active voice (with past tense augment). The verb ἐθεράπευεν is imperfect past tense (with past tense augment). The verb ὄψεσθε is a future deponent, and in this sentence it is transitive, taking the object σημεῖα. Note the demonstrative phrase, ἐκεῖνα τὰ τέκνα. Is αὐτά appearing here in its intensive usage, or in its identical usage? Normally the nominative pronouns are not used in Greek, since the verb tells you the subject (ὄψεσθε is second-person plural), so the word ὑμεῖς is being included here for emphasis, and it gets further emphasis from the placement of the postpositive δὲ. The word καὶ is being used adverbially ("you too...").

8. οὐ φαγόμεθα ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν, ἄρτον δὲ καὶ οἶνον ἐν τῷ τόπῳ τῶν δικαίων ἐλάβομεν.

The verb φαγόμεθα is a future deponent. The verb ἐλάβομεν is aorist past tense, active (with past tense augment). Note how the postpositive particle δὲ comes in second position, and joins these two statements into a single sentence. The objects ἄρτον and οἶνον come before the verb, ἐλάβομεν .

9. εἶπεν δὲ ὁ ἄνθρωπος, Λίθοι ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ ἔπεσον, ἀλλὰ ὁ λαὸς οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν οὐδὲ συνήγαγον τὰ τέκνα εἰς τοὺς οἴκους.

The subject ἄνθρωπος comes after its verb, εἶπεν. The verbs εἶπεν, ἔπεσον, ἐπίστευσαν, and συνήγαγον are aorist past tense, active voice (with past tense augment).

10. ἀπελύσαμεν τὸν πονηρὸν ὄχλον, προσηρχόμεθα γὰρ τῷ θρόνῳ τῆς δόξης.

Note the wrapped noun-adjective phrase, τὸν πονηρὸν ὄχλον. The verb ἀπελύσαμεν is aorist past tense, active (with past tense augment). The verb προσηρχόμεθα is imperfect past tense, middle voice (with past tense augment). Remember that προσηρχόμεθα is a deponent verb (with an active meaning in English, and only middle forms in Greek). Note how the postpositive particle γὰρ comes in second position, and joins these two statements into a single sentence.

11. ὁ ἀδελφὸς ἡμῶν οὐκ ἔπιεν τὸν οἶνον, ἔθελε γὰρ αὐτὸν προσφέρειν ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ.

The verb ἔπιεν is aorist past tense, active (with past tense augment). The verb ἔθελε is imperfect past tense (with past tense augment), and takes a complementary infinitive, προσφέρειν. Note how the postpositive particle γὰρ comes in second position, and joins these two statements into a single sentence. The object αὐτὸν comes before its verb, προσφέρειν. What is the antecedent of the pronoun αὐτὸν?

12. ἦλθεν ὁ υἱὸς ὑμῶν πρός με καὶ ἤνεγκε τὰ βιβλία τοῦ νόμου.

The verbs ἦλθεν and ἤνεγκε are aorist past tense, active (with past tense augment). The subject υἱὸςcomes after its verb, ἦλθεν.

13. τὰ δαιμόνια ἔλαβον τὰ ἱμάτια τῶν ἀγγέλων καὶ ἔβαλον αὐτὰ εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν.

The verbs ἔλαβον and ἔλαβον are aorist past tense, active (with past tense augment). What is the antecedent of the pronoun αὐτὰ?

14. ἐγὼ αὐτὸς ἤγαγον τὰ τέκνα ἐκ τῆς ἐκκλησίας, σὺ γὰρ οὐκ ἔσχες τὴν ἐξουσίαν διδάσκειν αὐτά.

Note the intensifying use of αὐτὸς here ("I myself..."). Normally the nominative pronouns are not used in Greek, since the verb tells you the subject (ἤγαγον is first-person singular and and ἐἔσχες is second-person singular), so the word ἐγὼ is being included here for emphasis, contrasting with the emphatic σὺ. The verbs ἤγαγον and ἔσχες are aorist past tense, active (with past tense augment). Note how the postpositive particle γὰρ comes in second position, and joins these two statements into a single sentence. The noun ἐξουσίαν takes a complementary infinitive, διδάσκειν. What is the antecedent of the pronoun αὐτὰ?

15. ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ὥρᾳ ἐφύγομεν ἀπὸ τοῦ προσώπου τοῦ ἀγγέλου τοῦ θεοῦ, νῦν δὲ φεύγομεν ἀπὸ τῆς ἁμαρτίας.

The verb ἐφύγομεν is aorist past tense, active (with past tense augment). Note the demonstrative phrase, . ἐκείνῃ τῇ ὥρᾳ. Note how the postpositive particle δὲ comes in second position, and joins these two statements into a single sentence.