Judges. Hospitium in Gabaa.
Brief Comments on the Latin:
[Note: You will find other helpful information by looking at the segmented text, which shows clearly how the sentences and clauses are organized. You can also choose to have the verbs and/or bold speech highlighted, which often makes the Latin easier to understand.]
19:15 The phrase ad eam refers to the name of the city: ad Gabaa. Latin often uses a relative pronoun, quo, to join together what would be two separate sentences in English: "(and) when they had entered there..."
19:16 The phrase et ipse means "and he too" (i.e., like the travelers themselves). The place name Ephraim does not decline. The word peregrinus is being used predicatively: "and he lived in Gabaa (as) an immigrant."
19:17 The phrase elevatis oculis is an ablative absolute.
19:18 Latin often uses a relative pronoun, qui, to join together what would be two separate sentences in English: "(and) he answered him..." The place names Bethleem, Iuda and Ephraim do not decline.
19:19 The genitives ancillae and pueri both go with usus ("for the use of...").
19:20 Latin often uses a relative pronoun, cui, to join together what would be two separate sentences in English: "(and) the old man answered him..." The use of the pronoun ego is emphatic. The word tantum here means "only."
19:22 The phrase illis epulantibus ... et reficientibus is an ablative absolute.
19:24 The word tantum here means "only."
19:25 Latin often uses a relative pronoun, quod, to join together what would be two separate sentences in English: "(and) the man saw this.." The participle-verb combination, cernens ... eduxit, can be translated as verb-verb: "the man saw ... and brought out..." Latin often uses a relative pronoun, qua, to join together what would be two separate sentences in English: "(and) when they had abused her..."
19:26 The phrase recedentibus tenebris is an ablative absolute.
19:27 The phrase mane facto is an ablative absolute. The phrase sparsis manibus is also an ablative absolute.
19:28 Latin often uses a relative pronoun, cui, to join together what would be two separate sentences in English: "(and) he said to her..." The phrase qua respondente is an ablative absolute. Latin often uses a relative pronoun, qua, to join together what would be two separate sentences in English: "(and) since she said nothing in reply..." The use of quod to introduce indirect statement is non-classical. The participle-verb combination, intellegens ... tulit, can be translated as verb-verb: "he understood... (and) took..." What the man understands exactly is not specified: "he understood what it was..."
19:29 Latin often uses a relative pronoun, cui, to join together what would be two separate sentences in English: "(and) when he had entered it..." (i.e. his home). The participle-verb combination, concidens misit, can be translated as verb-verb: "he cut up (and) sent..." The name Israhel does not decline; here it is in the genitive.
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